Biological analysis of an innovative biodegradable antibiotic eluting bioactive glass/gypsum composite bone cement for treating experimental chronic MRSA osteomyelitis
Described the preparation method of multi-barrier CS/BG composite bone cement.
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Made by coating the antibiotics loaded porous BG granules with PLGA and α-CSH.
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Introduced antibiotics elution study in ideal immersion medium.
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Beneficial role of PLGA on drug release and activation of platelets by cement was explored.
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New cement showed great potential to repair bone infection and to hasten osteosynthesis.
Abstract
A multi-barrier antibiotics loaded biodegradable composite bone cement for resolving chronic osteomyelitis has been studied to understand the physico-mechanical properties, drug loading/eluting efficiency, and different merits and demerits prior to clinical application. After successful induction of bone infection in 28 rabbits using methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, calcium sulfate/bioactive glass based composite cement was implanted in 12 defects to assess its performance over parenteral therapy with microscopic and radiological examination for 90 days. The composite cement revealed acceptable physico-mechanical properties and controlled drug elution kinetics. Furthermore, the antibiotics concentrations in bone up to 42 days were sufficient to kill MRSA without eliciting adverse drug reactions. The striking feature of platelets aggregation by composite cement could assist bone healing. The controlled degradation with simultaneous entrapment of composite cement within the osteoid tissues and complete repair of infected cortical defects (holes) in rabbit tibia at 6 weeks indicated the excellent anti-infective and osteoconductive properties of composite cement. Thus, the animal study demonstrated the superiority of composite over injectable antibiotic therapy based on infection resolution and bone regeneration. We thereby conclude that the composite cement can be effectively applied in the treatment of resistant cases of chronic osteomyelitis.
