Ionic liquids and lignin interaction: An overview

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2022.100958Get rights and content

Highlights

Interaction between ILs & lignin are reviewed in anticipation of lignin values.

ILs formed hydrogen bonds, covalent, & π - π stacking interactions with lignin.

Relative abundance of various types of phenolic moieties in lignin, are reviewed.

Several types of lignin transformation in ILs, are briefly discussed.

Lignin can be a potential source to be used for biomedical applications.

Abstract

In this review, highlights are focused on the most emerging bonding interactions, including hydrogen bonding, ion-dipole, van der Waals interactions, between various types of ionic liquids (ILs) and lignin/derived-lignin model compounds, which have been potentially reviewed in anticipation of their applications. ILs eventually formed the ionic inter- and/or intra-hydrogen bonding, covalent, π - π stacking, either lignin assisted to deconstruct the recalcitrant structure of plant biomass into a lower molar mass fractions, or pure form of polysaccharide. The impact of biomass sources in standing of recovered lignin molar mass, is discussed. Wide-ranging transformation of lignin hydroxyl groups to oxidation, esterification, methylation, depolymerization, dissolution, etc. in presence of ILs, has also been discussed in this review. Thereafter, the biomedical prospects of lignin along with the current situation and future development trend of ILs with lignin, are proposed due to its unique properties, including sustainability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility.

Graphical abstract

A comprehensive work on inter- and intra-hydrogen bonds, covalent, π-π stacking interactions between ionic liquids and lignin or lignin-derived compounds, is represented by using experimental and theoretical studies.

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Keywords

Plant biomass
Lignin
Ionic liquids
π - π stacking
Hydrogen bonds
Interactions
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